How Does Hcg Work In Horses?

Injection of hCG (2000-2500 i.u., i.v.) to mares when a follicle reaches 35 mm induces ovulation between 24 and 48 h. However, repeated injections induce antibodies against hCG. We report attempts to induce ovulation without this inconvenience. We called ‘response’ an ovulation between 24 and 48 h after treatment.

What does hCG do for horses?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone used primarily to induce ovulation in mares. It is also used diagnostically in a stimulation test to detect the presence or absence of testicular tissue in geldings exhibiting stallion-like behavior.

What is the mechanism of action of hCG?

hCG promotes progesterone production by corpus luteal cells; promotes angiogenesis in uterine vasculature; promoted the fusion of cytotrophoblast cell and differentiation to make syncytiotrophoblast cells; causes the blockage of any immune or macrophage action by mother on foreign invading placental cells; causes

How much hCG should I give my horse?

Despite reports of mares being treated with hCG since 1939,5 hCG is not approved by the FDA for use in horses. Never- theless, a single bolus dose of 1500 to 3300 IU is typically sufficient to induced ovulation in mares during estrus, with distinct estrous uterine edema and with a viable, growing follicle 30 mm.

How long does it take for hCG to work?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a medication which has a similar structure and essentially the same hormonal action as LH. However, HCG has a much longer half-life (30 hours) than LH (30 minutes), with a peak onset of increased testosterone of about 72-96 hours after administration.

How successful is hCG injection?

HCG is a hormone that occurs naturally during pregnancy, and because it mimics LH — a hormone that triggers ovulation in females and increased testosterone levels in males — it can be used to help the 15% of couples in the US who are unable to conceive after a year of trying.

How long after hCG will a mare ovulate?

Injection of hCG (2000-2500 i.u., i.v.) to mares when a follicle reaches 35 mm induces ovulation between 24 and 48 h. However, repeated injections induce antibodies against hCG.

What are the benefits of hCG?

In women, hCG injections are FDA approved to help treat infertility. In men, hCG injections are FDA approved for a type of hypogonadism in which the body doesn’t adequately stimulate the gonads to produce the sex hormone testosterone.
hCG can help increase:

• gonad size.
• testosterone levels.
• fertility.

What stimulates the release of hCG?

The human placenta produces a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) which stimulates hCG production. Numerous other factors, including growth factors and steroid hormones, may also modulate hCG expression by trophoblast cells, although our understanding of the physiological role of these other factors is incomplete.

What is the target organ of hCG?

This hormone is secreted by the placenta in pregnant women. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the cells that surround the growing human embryo that go on to form the placenta (called trophoblasts).

How many times a week should I inject hCG?

Typical dosing for HCG
For males, it’s injected multiple times per week, but can be used less often for certain conditions. For female infertility, your provider will instruct you to inject the medication one time at a very specific date and time.

Is hCG enough at 1 week?

It takes about 2 weeks for your hCG levels to be high enough to be detected in your urine using a home pregnancy test.

What is an alternative to hCG injections?

HCG was used to preserve fertility and testicular size and function in men using exogenous testosterone. Some approved and clinically proven alternatives are Gonadorelin and Enclomiphene Citrate.

Where do you inject hCG?

The lower abdomen is a common injection site for hCG. It’s an easy site to inject, because there’s usually more subcutaneous fat in this area. Stick to the semi-circle area below your belly button and above your pubic region. Be sure to stay at least one inch away from your belly button.

How long do the effects of hCG last?

If you’re undergoing fertility treatments that include hCG injections, you might have high levels for several days after an injection. Normally, it takes around 10 days for injected hCG to clear from the body, says fertility benefits company Progeny.

How fast does hCG work after injection?

After receiving an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, ovulation can occur between 24-48 hours, with the average time being within 36 hours. Ovulating as early as 24 hours is less likely, however, it can happen and couples should be prepared.

What happens when HCG is injected?

HCG is used in combination with other fertility drugs to increase a woman’s chance of pregnancy. In men or adolescent boys, HCG helps the production of testosterone and sperm. HCG is also used in male children with cryptorchidism, a specific birth problem of the testes.

How do you know if HCG shot has worked?

Your gynecologist will order a progesterone test around seven days after your prime conception period has taken place. The progesterone test will also confirm whether or not your progesterone levels have increased after you take the HCG trigger shot.

Does HCG need to be injected intramuscular?

Generally, hCG injections are given intramuscularly, and are directed toward the buttock or the deltoid muscles. However, in obese patients the needle may not be long enough to reach the muscle layer, especially when the subcutaneous fat is thick, and consequently the intended i.m. injection becomes a s.c. injection.

At what size follicle will most mares ovulate?

Mares typically grow follicles to a size between 40 and 50 mm before they ovulate. Some mares may ovulate smaller follicles, and others (particularly draft breeds) will typically grow much larger follicles (50-60 mm) before ovulation.

What size follicle should you breed a mare at?

Most mares are less likely to ovulate with a follicle that is smaller than 35 mm. Double ovulations with follicles on the same ovary are likely to occur with smaller diameter follicles – possibly less than 35 mm. Follicular growth is approximately 3-5 (three to five) mm per day.