Can Horses Get Influenza Virus?

Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a common, highly contagious equid respiratory disease. Historically, EIV outbreaks have caused high levels of equine illness and economic damage. Outbreaks have occurred worldwide in the past decade.

How do horses get influenza?

Equine influenza virus spreads easily through contact with infected horses and via contact with infected clothing, equipment, brushes, tack, etc. Some horses do not show any outward signs of infection, but can shed the virus and infect susceptible horses.

What are the symptoms of equine influenza in horses?

Equine influenza affects the upper respiratory systems of horses, causing symptoms that are similar to humans experiencing influenza:

• Deep, dry cough.
• Nasal discharge.
• Lethargy.
• Enlarged lymph nodes.
• Lack of appetite.

Can horses have the flu?

Equine influenza (flu) is highly contagious so will spread rapidly through an unvaccinated population of horses. It does not usually cause long term or fatal illness, but can lead to horses having large amounts of time off work.

How do you treat equine influenza?

Horses should be rested 1 wk for every day of fever, with a minimum of 3 wk rest (to allow regeneration of the mucociliary apparatus). NSAIDs are recommended for horses with a fever >104°F (40°C). Antibiotics are indicated when fever persists beyond 3–4 days or when purulent nasal discharge or pneumonia is present.

What type of flu can horses catch?

Equine Influenza (‘flu’) is a disease that affects the upper and lower respiratory tract of horses, donkeys and mules. It is caused by several strains of the equine influenza virus. The disease is very infectious and spreads rapidly through groups of horses. The incubation period is 1 – 3 days.

Is equine influenza fatal?

Horses usually recover in 2 weeks with rest, but clinical signs, especially cough, can persist. EIV can result in a secondary bacterial bronchopneumonia, which can be fatal, particularly in young horses (6).

How long does equine flu last?

Clinical signs and symptoms:
Dry, harsh to hacking cough usually precedes fever. Cough can last up to 6 weeks after all other clinical signs have abated. Influenza should be suspected when multiple horses in a group develop a sudden onset of hacking cough with at least some of the horses having a fever.

How long does horse flu last?

Clinical signs
Increased inspiratory and expiratory sounds are often heard on auscultation of the chest. In uncomplicated cases these signs resolve within 2- 5 days. However, a lingering cough and secondary bacterial infection may delay the recovery for weeks to months.

How do you prevent influenza in horses?

Avoid communal water troughs or buckets. The influenza virus can survive in water for hours or days. Shared water is okay at home when you know the health status of your herd, but bring your own buckets to shows and trailheads, and keep your horse away from public troughs.

Do horses need influenza vaccine?

All horses are exposed to these potentially fatal diseases and need to be vaccinated annually according to the American Association of Equine Practitioners. Risk-based Diseases: Equine influenza virus and herpesvirus are the most common risk-based diseases that your horse may need to be vaccinated against.

What viruses can horses get?

Diseases associated with horses

• Salmonellosis.
• Ringworm.
• Anthrax.
• Brucellosis.
• Cryptosporidiosis.
• Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)
• St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE)
• Tickborne diseases.

Why does my horse have a runny nose and coughing?

Equine influenza virus, equine rhinovirus, and equine herpesvirus types 1 & 4 can all cause infectious upper respiratory tract disease. These viruses tend to cause a watery or white nasal discharge, fever, inappetence and lethargy. Additionally, a harsh cough is often present with equine influenza.

Is equine influenza the same as strangles?

The most common causes in the horse include equine influenza virus (EIV), equine herpesvirus (EHV) – also known as rhino – and Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) – better known as strangles.

What is equine influenza virus?

Equine Influenza (EI) is a highly contagious though rarely fatal respiratory disease of horses, donkeys and mules and other equidae. The disease has been recorded throughout history, and when horses were the main draft animals, outbreaks of EI crippled the economy.

What to do if your horse has a virus?

If you suspect that your horse, donkey or pony has equine flu, isolate the horse immediately and contact your vet. If your horse is on a yard, make sure there are protocols in place in case one of the horses is diagnosed with flu: Isolate infected horses. Stop movements in and out of your yard.

How often are horses vaccinated for flu?

Vaccination is often given as a combination vaccine with equine influenza. A primary course of two vaccinations is given 4-6 weeks apart, followed by a booster in 12 months. Subsequent vaccinations are usually given every 2 years.

What vaccines should a horse get every year?

Summary. To recap, your horse should at least receive EWT/WN and Rabies vaccinations once a year. In general, we recommend that your horse receive EWT/WN, PHF/Rabies, Strangles, and Flu/Rhino in the Spring, and PHF and Flu/Rhino in the Fall.

What bacteria causes equine influenza?

Equine influenza is a contagious viral respiratory disease caused by the orthomyxovirus known as Equine influenza, particularly subtype 2 (AE-2).

How often should a horse be vaccinated for equine influenza?

To provide effective immunity against respiratory and neurological disease caused by EHV 1 and EHV- 4 a primary course of 2 vaccinations should be given followed by a booster vaccination every 6 months. 1st vaccination: Can be given to any horse over the age of 5 months.

Where did equine flu start?

The first cases of the disease were reported from Ontario, Canada. By October 1, 1872, the first case occurred in Toronto. All the streetcar horses and major livery stables were affected within only three days. By the middle of October, the disease had reached Montreal, Detroit, and New England.