It is advisable that for the first 24 – 48 hours following vaccinations of your horse or pony, exertion is minimised. This will reduce the risk of adverse reactions developing. After this time period, you can ride your horse as normal. How long after flu jab can you ride horse? Read more…
Mosquitoes with West Nile virus also bite and infect people, horses and other mammals. However, humans, horses and other mammals are ‘dead end’ hosts. This means that they do not develop high levels of virus in their bloodstream, and cannot pass the virus on to other biting mosquitoes. What are Read more…
Lungworm is an infection of the lower respiratory tract in horses, usually resulting in bronchitis or pneumonia, caused by the parasitic roundworm Dictyocaulus arnfieldi. The infection can cause severe coughing in horses and can be difficult to distinguish from other respiratory diseases. What are the symptoms of lung worms in Read more…
Rabies is a fatal neurologic disease of mammals. Rabies is rare in horses, but invariably fatal. Clinical signs of rabies in horses vary, are easily confused with other diseases, and often progress rapidly. There is no treatment for rabies in horses. What disease category is rabies? Rabies virus belongs to Read more…
Bronchoscopy can be used to collect washings from the trachea to examine for eggs, larvae, and white blood cells. It can be a challenge for a veterinarian to diagnose lungworm because infected animals do not always pass the larvae in their feces, and when they do, they may be few Read more…
Large strongyles, small strongyles, ascarids, tapeworms, pinworms, bots, and threadworms are common internal parasites that infect horses. What is the most common internal parasite in horses? Small strongyles (cyathostomes) are the most common internal parasite of horses. They differ from large strongyles in several ways. First, small strongyles do not Read more…
How accurate are fecal egg count tests? According to the Handbook of Equine Parasite Control (Martin K. Nielsen, M.K., Reinemeyer, C. R., 2018), “… a fecal egg count performed by someone capable of recognizing a parasite egg generally has a high positive predictive value, so a positive egg count means Read more…
Cobb-Douglas is homothetic preferences: It shows the neutral good, which represents the horizontal axis to demand quantity of the goods. The indifference curve also shows the horizontal lines. How do you know if a production function is homothetic? A function is called homothetic if it can be written as a Read more…
A = total factor productivity. α and β are the output elasticities of capital and labor, respectively. What is A and B in Cobb-Douglas production function? Its parameters a and b represent elasticity coefficients that are used for inter-sectoral comparisons. 5. This production function is linear homogeneous of degree one Read more…
The first 15 minutes of a disease outbreak are the most critical in reducing the spread of infection. Quarantining new horses on your property is also the best way to prevent new infections from spreading to your resident horses. Do horses have to quarantine? To protect all horses on your Read more…