A source of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, horse manure may also contain pathogens (including E. coli) that can be hazardous to human health. When manure is not managed properly, these contaminants can make their way into our water Read more…
Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, is an important pathogen of warm-blooded animals, including horses. Can you get toxoplasmosis from horses? Infection of T. gondii is subclinical in horses, atypical clinical signs includes fever, ataxia, retinal degeneration and encephalomyelitis, and Read more…
Small strongyles (cyathostomes) are the most common internal parasite of horses. They differ from large strongyles in several ways. First, small strongyles do not migrate through tissues like large strongyles do. What is the most damaging parasite to horses? Large Read more…
The signs of parasitism are common among different parasites infecting the horse and include: Weight loss. Dull, rough hair coat. Potbelly. Decreased stamina or lethargy. Coughing. Diarrhea. Colic. Tail rubbing. What are symptoms of parasites in horses? Common signs of Read more…
A Cobb-Douglas production expresses the quantity Q of output as a function of capital K, and labor L. An example is Q=2K^{0.4}L^{0.6}. The exponents of each factor represent the share of an increase in Q attributable to that factor. How Read more…
concave. If our f(x, y) = cxayb exhibits constant or decreasing return to scale (CRS or DRS), that is a + b ≤ 1, then clearly a ≤ 0, b ≤ 0, and we have thus the Cobb-Douglas function is Read more…
It’s unusual but not unheard of to actually see worms passed in the horses droppings. Any that are shed after worming can’t survive outside the body and are not a reinfection threat to horses grazing the pasture. How long after Read more…
At the 1927 meetings of the American Economic Association, Paul Douglas presented a paper entitled “A Theory of Production,” which he had coauthored with Charles Cobb. The paper proposed the now familiar Cobb-Douglas function as a mathematical representation of the Read more…
Cobb angle [3] is the most widely used measurement for quantifying spine curvature. The curvature of the Cobb method is defined as the angle between the upper border of the upper vertebra and the lower borders of the lowest vertebra Read more…
What is the significance of Cobb angle? The Cobb angle is a measure of the curvature of the spine in degrees which helps the doctor to determine what type of treatment is necessary. Typically, a Cobb angle of 10 is Read more…